集(ji)電(dian)器是滑(hua)觸(chu)線系統(tong)中集(ji)電(dian)側拾取電(dian)能(neng)的(de)(de)主要裝置(zhi)，它通過集(ji)電(dian)刷(shua)與導(dao)軌的(de)(de)滑(hua)動接(jie)觸(chu)，將電(dian)能(neng)直接(jie)傳(chuan)導(dao)至用電(dian)器，從而(er)實(shi)現系統(tong)的(de)(de)移動供電(dian)。集(ji)電(dian)器由機械結構的(de)(de)張力裝置(zhi)和直接(jie)與導(dao)軌滑(hua)動接(jie)觸(chu)的(de)(de)集(ji)電(dian)刷(shua)兩(liang)部分組成。

機械結構(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)張力裝置決定集(ji)電(dian)(dian)刷與導(dao)軌的(de)滑動接觸壓力和機構(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)穩定性(xing)，集(ji)電(dian)(dian)刷則是導(dao)軌滑動接觸拾取電(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)導(dao)體，它的(de)性(xing)能(neng)和導(dao)電(dian)(dian)質量以及材(cai)料結構(gou)(gou)(gou)成(cheng)分的(de)優劣，將(jiang)直接影響整個系統設備的(de)安全運行質量。

滑觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)主要(yao)有靴片、靴盒、彈(dan)簧、集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)支架、集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)支撐部(bu)分(fen)(fen)等部(bu)件組(zu)成。集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)為重型(xing)集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和輕型(xing)集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，選擇輕型(xing)集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)還是重型(xing)集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，是根據滑觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)的電(dian)(dian)流來確(que)定的，一般滑觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)流小于等于500A，可以(yi)選用(yong)輕型(xing)集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)；大(da)于500A的，就要(yao)選用(yong)重型(xing)集(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。   

選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)滑觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)集電(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)時候，首 選(xuan)(xuan)集電(dian)器(qi)好是考慮(lv)和滑觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)相配套(tao)的(de)(de)廠家(jia)，不要亂用(yong)集電(dian)器(qi)，否則(ze)會(hui)影(ying)響行(xing)車(che)的(de)(de)正(zheng)常(chang)運行(xing)，嚴重了會(hui)燒壞滑觸(chu)(chu)線(xian)。集電(dian)器(qi)上面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)靴(xue)片是由含銅碳基壓而(er)成的(de)(de)，購買后要檢(jian)查與(yu)滑線(xian)的(de)(de)吻(wen)合型。由于(yu)集電(dian)器(qi)本身屬(shu)于(yu)易耗品，長期使用(yong)會(hui)磨損(sun)靴(xue)片，所(suo)以要定期檢(jian)查，集電(dian)器(qi)上面(mian)(mian)靴(xue)片的(de)(de)磨損(sun)程度，并定期更換。